Apparatus for washing stone and for mixing macadam and concrete.



y W. HQBAXTBR. APPARATUS FOR WASHING STONE AND FOR MIXING MAGADAM AND CONCRETE. v I

APPLIUATION FILED MAY 27,1911. 1,018,404.

Patented Feb. 27, 1912.

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W. H. BAXTER. APPARATUS FOR WASHiNG STONE AND FOR MIXING MACADAM AND CONCRETE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 2'7; 1911.

Patented Feb. 27,1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

EOLUMBIA PLANDURAPH co., WASHINGTON, D. c.

7 W. H. BAXTER. v APPARATUS FOR WASHING STONE AND FOR MIXING MAOADAM AND CONCRETE. APPLICATION FILED IAY 27,1911.

1,01 8,404. Patented Feb. 27, 1912.

3 SHEETBBHEET 3.

Fig. 9.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM HENRY BAXTER, OF HARROGATE, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR WASHING STONE AND FOR MIXING MACADAM AND CONCRETE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 27, 1912.

Application filed May 27, 1911. Serial No. 629,778.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM HENRY BAXTER, of Knapping Mount, Walker Road,

Harrogate, in the county of York, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Washing Stone and for Mixing Macadam and Concrete, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in machinery or apparatus of the type in which a rotary cylinder is provided with internal blades arranged in a screw-like form and also with inclined blades having openings between them forming charging means at a low level which at the same time prevent the material from returning after being passed through an opening for mixing concrete, as well as for washing and cleansing stone and other materials before mixing it with cement or sand, or other materials,- which may or may not have been first mixed together prior to receiving the wet or washed stone,-to form concrete or like adhesive macadam.

Generally in machines previously employed for this purpose the stone, sand and cement has been first mixed in a dry or semidry state in a revolving cylinder and afterward water has been added thereto.

The object of this invention is to provide means whereby the stone is first washed or made thoroughly wet in one portion of the machine before mixing it with the cement, or mixture of cement, sand and other material,provision being made, if so desired, for running off the dirty water,and as the washed stone in its Wet state is caused to travel forward to the upper or the mixing end or portion of a revolving cylinder or tube where it is mixed with cement with or without the addition of sand, or other material, suflicient water being provided for mixing. the cement and sand or other material,when such is used,so as to form it into the desired mixture for adhesive concrete or other purposes.

For wetting or washing the stone the necessary water is first passed into the apparatus at the lower end of the revolving cylinder or tube, and the stone may then be made to pass through the water to the mixing end or portion where it is immediately passed into the cement or mixture of sand and cement which absorbs the water adhering to the stone and is then mixed with the stone in a wet condition, or the sand and cement is fed into the machine at its mixing outlet or inlet end either before or after the stone is put in at the washing end. Further, the revolving cylinder or tube is provided with a ring or end piece,arranged at a suitable distance from the upper or outlet end of the machine,-for first obtaining a greater storage capacity of the material under treatment in the mixing portion of the machine and thereby mixing it when only one cylinder is used as a mixer or washer, or both. The said end piece or ring is either provided with one or more elevating and directing blades, and when such blades are employed one or more central openings is'or are provided which is or are closed by movable sliding or hinged, or other doors to prevent, until required, the escape of material from one portion of the rotatmg cylinder or tube into the other portionor chamber; or the said ring or endpiece is provided with one or more openings covered by a number of hinged or sliding doors, or with one or more angular or inclined openings or gaps formed in the ring itself. When inclined openings or gaps are employed then to each side of an opening or gap is respectively fixed orformed a plain or perforated propeller and director plate for first directing the material into, say an enlarged chamber,when such is used,during the rotation of the cylinder or tube, and also for preventing the material thus passed forward from returning through the opening or gap.

In the annexed three sheets of drawings I have shown methods for carrying the invention into practice, in which Figure 1. is apart sectional elevation of washing and mixing apparatus provided with an enlarged upper end and a central tube; Fig. 2. is an end elevation of the tapering and mixing end of the apparatus; Fig. 3. is an end elevation of the inlet and smaller end of the machine; Fig. 4. is a part elevation and section of washing and mixing apparatus with an enlarged parallel mixing chamber; Fig. 5. is an end elevation of the same; Fig. 6. is a front elevation drawn to an enlarged scale of the elevating blades applied to the apparatus shown in Fig. 4; Fig. 7. is a rear elevation of the same; Fig. 8. is a side elevation of the same Fig. 13. isa front elevation of the ring with a gap formed therein and withthe eleyating and direction plates applied thereto; Fig. 14. is a sectional elevation of the same on lineC, D,'Fig. 13.

' Like parts in all the views are marked with similar letters of reference.

a is the cylinder or tube which, in cross section, may either be round, or square, or polygonal, or other shape and it is provided with an enlarged endb which may either be made to taper, as shown at Fig. 1, or be provided with parallel walls, as shown at cylinder or tube are of any suitable diameter or size and of any desired length, but in practice it will be found convenient and satisfactory results may be obtained if the portion a is made about two or three, or more, times the length of the enlarged portion 5,. It will readily be understood that the length and'size of the two said portions will vary in accordance with circumstances and the nature and class of the material operated upon. In the drawings the two said parts are shown in circular form and will hereafter be referred to as the cylinder a and the mixing chamber 2), but it must be understood that these two parts can be made in tubular form and in cross sections of any of the hereinbefore mentioned shapes.

The cylinder a and mixing chamber 6 are made in the usual manner of metal plates bolted or riveted together.

In the drawings the cylinder a is shown to be of uniform diameter, but if desired it may also be made to taper or in a step form of two or more diameters. The said cylinder at is mounted at an angle,upon a number of supporting flanged or other rollers or runnersc, 0, 0, carried in bearings formed for their reception in the brackets or supports d, (Z, d, which are mounted upon a base plate or other foundation 6. The rollers 0 are arranged at a suitable distance from each end The brackets or supports d require to be inclined when the cylinder a is arranged as shown at Fig. 1.

---A---rotary motion is imparted to the cylinder a from any suitable source of power, preferably by means of a driving pulley g mounted upon shaft it carried in the bracket or support 1', beveled pinion j mounted on rthe inner end of the shaft h and bevel wheel is which is fixed to the outside of the cylinder it.

Where gearing is employed, as is dis closed n the accompanying drawings, for

frotating the cylinder a andmixing chamfber b, it is arranged at the inlet end of the cylinder, although the gearing may be :connected thereto at any other suitable 5 point desired. The outer ends of the cylinder a and of the mixing chamber 1), are, frespectively, provided with end plates or 1 disks Z, m, which are isuitable manner. pieces or disks is provided with a central jhole marked respectively n and 0.

Figs. 4 and 12 The portions 0; and b of the i ;are fitted propeller blades p in a spiral or screw-thread like form, ibla-des may, {required as shown at g, Fig. 1, to admit of ;the escape of the accumulated water from ;the cylinders" through the inlet in the plate Z. fan opening for the discharge of the mixed lmaterials. In the drawings one discharge Topening r is shown in the end piece m lclosed with a hinged door 8 provided with secured thereto in any Each of the said end In the disk m is provided a weighted catch t adapted to engage with fan inclined or other shaped projection u provided on the end piece m. The catch t may be arranged in lever form pivoted to the lugs or brackets 'v fixed to the door 8 and so arranged that as the cylinder a and mixing chamber 5 revolve it may be opened or closed by the operator.

The lower end of the cylinder at in the drawings is shown as the inlet for the stonewhich passes down the chute w, the end of which is arranged to pass through the central opening it in the ring or end piece Z. The smaller the central hole is the greater will be the pool of water collected at that end of the cylinder. On water being admitted to the interior of the cylinder a through pipe in a pool will be formed which extends the distance from the end of the cylinder to about the point y, which is indicated by the dotted line 2, and intothis or. sand, orboth, is deposited for washing purposes. The washing portion of the cylinder may be arranged to occupy any suit able length from the inlet end toward the outlet, as for example, from the end plate I, to the point y which may be, but not necessarily so, about one-half, or two-thirds, more or less, of the length of the cylinder a. The

-pool of water as it extends any distance from and the propeller pool of water the stone,

tion of the adhesive material.

the end plate Z toward the mixing chamber b gradually becomes shallower as it approaches the mixing portion 6 which portionmay either be higher when the cylinder a and mixing chamber 6 are made of uniform diameter throughout, as shown by dotted lines marked 1 at Fig. 4, or on a lower level, as shown in full lines at Figs. 4 and 12.

The cement and sand, one or both, are introduced into the cylinder at either end of the apparatus, though preferably, but not necessarily so, at the opposite end tothat in which the stone to be washed and dampened enters. In the drawings the sand and cement, which are hereinafter included in and termed the adhesive material are introduced either through chute 2, as at Fig. 4,

directly into the mixing chamber 5, or as at Fig. 1, into a central tube 3 arranged to be partly within and partly without the mixing chamber 1) and cylinder a. The said tube is held in position by suitable supports 4 which are shown at Fig. 1 fixed to the propeller blades 12. In some cases when acentral tube is used it may extend a suitable distance only within either the mixing chamber, or within the mixing chamber and cyl inder as shown, and it is made to rotate with the cylinder at. structed in any other suitable manner than shown to advance or retard the feeding ac- When required water may be introduced into the interior of the tube '3. for wholly or partially mixing the sand and cement into a plastic or semi-plastic form before it escapes from the tube and admixes with the wet stone.

In the drawings, in Fig. 1, is shown means for introducing water through pipe 5 into the mixing chamber for thoroughly mixing the stone with adhesive material prior to its leaving the mixing chamber.

It will be readily understood that the water pipes m and 5 are provided with valves'or taps of ordinary construction for regulating and controlling the supply of water to the material.

The length of the tube 3, whether it passes wholly or partially within, or is wholly or partially without the washing end of the cylinder at will be determined by the relative length of the stone-washing end of the cylinder a, but the tube 3 in any case requires to be of such a length as to deliver the adhesive materials at a point nearer the outlet and mixing end of the cylinder than that to which the pool of washing water extends.

In place of the tube 3, the chute 2 alone, as

The tube 3 may be con cases it is found more convenient to provide a mixing chamber of uniform diameter, as shown at Figs. 4 and .12. In this case the mixing chamber 1) is of relatively larger diameter than the cylinder 12, and the cylinder 0; is driven by spur gearing (1 taking the place of the beveled gearing j and 7;, shown at Fig. 1. The inner end of the mixing chamber is attached to the outlet end of the cylinder a, by means of the flanged ring 7 carryin the spur wheel 6 to the outlet end of cylin er a. In order to readily cause the material, after it has been mixed with eement and made to travel forward toward the outlet end of cylinder a by the propeller blades p, to pass into the mixing chamber 1;,-

a rlng or end piece 8, with or without flan es or lugs and constructed as hereinafter e-' scribed, is fixed in any convenient position within the cylinder a. The ring or end piece 8, as shown at Figs. 4. and 6 to 11, is either provided with elevating and directing blades 9, or the ring may be formed as shown at Figs. 12 to 14. In the latter case a plain or flanged ring is provided with one or more gaps 10, directed at a suitable inclination,

having angle plates 11 and 12 hinged to its face as shown, and they are arranged at a suitable angle to the main portion of the ring with a space or passage between their edges. The plate 12 is perforated and made in cross section L-shaped, as of angle iron, but the two portions of the plate are not necessarily of the same width or at a right angle to each other. The plate 11 is narrower in width than plate 12, and it is in the form of a flat plate bent at an angle as shown at Fig. 14. The two plates are hinged orfixed so as to project in opposite directions on each side of the vertical or main portion of the ring and opening or gap therein. A pair of plates 11 and 12 are required to be provided for each opening 10, and they are arranged at the same or difie-rent angles of inclination so as to act both as guides and propeller blades for first directing the material into and through the gap or opening into the mixing chamber and one of the plates 11, is employed for deflecting or preventing any material that has previously passed through the opening or gap from returning from the mixing chamber b, again into the cylinder a. The inclined blades or plates 11 in addition to preventing the material from returning also permit of it accumulating in the mixing chamber up to the height of the said plate. The perforations in blade 12 permit of the water freely passing through them as required. In some cases, as when long mixing chambers 12 or cylinders a. are employed two or more of these rings may be used, the same being arranged at suitable distances apart. When the said opening or gap 10 in ring 8 is dispensed with one or more central openings 13, in triangular relation or otherwise as desired, is provided in the central boss or plate portion of the said flanged ring. The blades 9 are arranged to extend into each of the openings for directing the material elevated by them into and through the said openings. To more thoroughly mix the material these openings are arranged to be closed by sliding doors or arms 14 having inclined or beveled edges 15. The said arms or doors are fixed or cast on to a boss 16 which is mounted upon a shaft 17 arranged to slide or turn in the axial bearing 18 in the boss and be passed to and through the opening 0 in the end plate m so that the arms or doors may be slightly moved outward or turned so as to permit of the material passing through the openings 13 into the interior of the mixing chamber 6. The turning or sliding of'the covers or doors It may be arranged to be operated by hand. This portion of the apparatus is also applicable, in addition to the purpose herein described, to the rotating cylinder or cylinders of machine for drying, coating and mixing with tar, broken stone, or ore, or other materials used for road making or other purposes. When the mixing chamber is of other than circular form then the end piece 8, with or without a gap therein, and with or without a circular or other shaped hole will require to be shaped to the contour ofthe chamber t owhich it is fixed but when a ring is used then its perimeter may or may not follow the path or contour of a true circle.

Either of the above described rings 8 may, if desired, be applied to the cylinder at of the apparatus shown at Fig. 1 at or about the point marked 20.

The action of the apparatus is as fol lows: The stone is introduced into' the cylinder through. a chute w and water having been previously admitted through pipe w forms a pool therein as indicated by the dotted lines 2. Into this pool of water the stone passes on leaving a chute w and is caused to travel up the inclined cylinder by means of the propeller blades 79 toward the outlet end of the cylinder. The adhesive material, cement and sandone or bothis introduced either directly into the mixing chamber b through chute 2, as at Fig. 4, or into the tube 3, through which it travels and is delivered into the cylinder (1. between the points y and 19 where it comes in contact with the stone in a washed and dampened state and as it is caused to travel into the mixing chamber 6 by the propeller blades the stone, cement and sand become mixed together, and as it passes through the mixing chamber to the discharge opening?" will become thoroughly mixed together and with the water that is admitted thereto through pipe 5. When the ring with one or more gaps 10 formed therein or when the openings 13 and elevator blades 9 are employed, then before the material passes into the mixing chamber it will be raised by the said blades or plates 12. After the materials have been thoroughly mixed together the door .9 is opened and. the contents of the mixing chamber discharged.

What I claim is 1. In a machine, as specified, the combination of an inclined rotatable cylinder, rollers carried in supporting frame-work for supporting the cylinders, a mixing chamber provided at one end of the cylinder, screwpropeller blades fixed to the interiors of both the said cylinder and said mixing chamber, end pieces with central openings fixed to the cylinder and the mixing chamber, said mixing chamber having a-discharge opening in its end piece with a door for closing the same, and a central inner tube extending into the larger end of the mixing chamber and connected therewith.

' 2. In a machine, as specified, the combination of a rotating cylinder arranged at an angle and mounted upon supporting rollers carried in brackets fixed to a bed plate, a tapering mixing chamber arranged at one end and forming a continuation of the cylinder, screw-propeller blades fixed at distances apart to the interior of both the cylinder and the mixing chamber, end pieces provided with central openings fixed to the cylinder and mixing chamber, a reduced tube arranged centrally within the cylinder and extending through and beyond the mixing chamber, and an end piece arranged at the outer end of the central tube, means for introducing water into the cylinder and the mixing chamber through their outer ends, and chutes emptying into the outer ends of the cylinder and the mixing chamber.

3. In a machine, as specified, the combination of a revolving cylinder arranged on an inclination and mounted upon rollers carried in brackets fixed to the bed plate of the machine, an enlarged mixing chamber arranged at the exit end of the cylinder, end pieces having central openings for the lnlet ends of the cylinder and the mix1ng cham ber, propeller blades fixed to the interiors of the cylinder and the mixing chamber for causing the material to travel through their respective lengths, doors carried upon the end pieces and adapted to close the openings therein, a chute for introducing the cement into the mixing chamber, and means for introducing water for washing and mixing purposes.

4. In a combined stone-washing and concrete mixing machine, the combination with a cylinder mounted upon a frame work at an angle and having a mixing chamber fixed thereto at one end, end pieces having'central openings therein carried at the outer ends of the cylinder and the mixing chamber,

propeller blades fixed to :the interiors of; both the cylinder and the mixing chamber,

doors closing the openings in said end interior of the cylinder and cement into the interior of the central tube, pipes for conveying water into the cylinder and into the mlxing chamber, and a division plate in ring form fixed within the cylinder, said ring having openings therethrough, and pairs of angle plates hinged to the ring at opposite sides of each. opening for controlling the passage of the admixed material therethrough.

5. In a combined stone-washing and concrete mixing machine, a cylinder, an end piece upon the inlet end of the cylinder, a mixing chamber of larger capacity fixed upon the opposite end of the cylinder, a second end piece carried upon the outer end of the mixing chamber, said end pieces having central openings formed therein, a ring fixed within the cylinder, doors'within the cylinder for closing the ring, hinged plates carried at the opposite sides of the ring for deflecting the material passing therethrough, and a screw-propeller fixed against the interiors of the cylinder and the mixing.

chamber connected to the outlet end of the,

cylinder, a chute arranged to project into the inlet end of the cylinder and adapted to l deliver crushed stone thereto, an end plate carried upon the inlet end of the cylinder about the chute, means for introducing water into the cylinder for washing the stone, a screw-propeller fixed against the inner walls of the cylinder and the mixing chamber for feeding the stone through the cylinder into the mixing chamber, controlling means disposed within the outlet end of the cylinder for controlling the passage of material into the mixing chamber, and means projecting into the outer end of the mixing chamber for depositing adhesive material into the mixing chamber adapted to be admixed with the stone.

7. In a machine of the class described, an inclined rotating cylinder, an enlarged mixing chamber communicating with the upper end of the cylinder, means for introducing crushed stone into the lower end of the cylinder, a distributing tube projecting through the mixing chamber into the upper end of the cylinder for feeding adhesive material thereto, fluid conducting means projecting through the lower end of the cylinder and the outer end of the mixing chamber for depositing a fluid within the cylinder and the mixing chamber, and feedin means extending the entire lengths of t e cylinder and mixing chamber for moving the admixed mass into and through the'mixing chamber.

8. A machine of the character described comprising an inclined rotating cylinder having an enlarged mixing chamber at its upper end, feeding means extending through the cylinder and the mixing chamber for conveying a mass up through the same, a stone-depositing chute projecting into the lower end of the cylinder, a pipe projecting into the lower end of the cylinder adapted to conduct water thereinto for washing the stone, a distributing tube projecting through the mixing chamber and slightly into the cylinder for conveying adhesive material thereto, a pipe projecting into the mixing chamber for conducting water to the material being mixed, and controlling means between the cylinder and the mixing chamber for limiting the passage of the combined materials into the mixing chamber.

. 9. A machine of the character described, comprising an inclined cylinder, means for introducing crushed stone into the lower end of the cylinder, means within the cyl inder for washing said stone, said cylinder having means for draining the water from the stone when the latter is washed, adhesive material'feeding means projecting into the upper end of the cylinder to deposit the adhesive material upon the crushed stone when washed, a mixing'chamber arranged at the upper end of the cylinder for the reception of the combined mass, and a water-conducting means within the mixing chamber for admixing a quantity of water with the mass being mixed.

10. A machine, as specified, comprising a cylinder, a chute projecting into the cylinder at one end to deposit crushed stone thereinto, said cylinder having meansjfor washing the stone and drain the water therefrom, feeding means arranged within the cylinder adapted to convey the stone to the opposite end thereof, means at the opposite end of the cylinder for conveying an adhesive substance thereto upon the relatively dry stone, a mixing chamber adapted to receive the combined mass, and water-conducting means projecting into the mixing chamber to admix a quantity of water with the mass being admixed.

11. A machine of the character described, comprising a cylinder, stone-feeding means at one end of the cylinder, a pipe projecting into the cylinder to feed water to the stone for washing the same, said cylinder having draining means therein adapted "to carry ofi the water from the stone, a tube projecting into the opposite end of the cylinder to deposit a quantity of adhesive material upon the stone subsequent to the draining of the water therefrom, a mixing chamber communicating with the opposite end of the cylinder to receive the stone and the adhesive material and adapted to admix the outer end of the mixing chamber to finally wet the admixed mass. I

12. A machine of the character described, comprising an elongated body portion providing a cylinder and a mixing chamber, a controlling device arranged Within the body ortion between the cylinder and the mixing chamber to regulate the passage of materials to the mixing chamber. and to evenly distribute the material therein, means projecting into the cylinder for feeding crushed stone and an adhesive material thereinto, feeding means arranged within the body portion adapted to carry the stone and adhesive material from the cylinder into and through the mixing chamber, and a waterpipe projecting into the mixing chamber adapted to apply water to the stone and adhesive material when admixed.

13. A machine of the character described, comprising an elongated body portion pro viding a cylinder and a mixing chamber, feeding means arranged within the body portion adapted to carry a quantity of crushed stone therethrough, a feed tube projectin into the body portion adapted to deposit adhesive material midway between the ends of the body portion, said body having washing and draining means located within its forward end to clean the stone,

l and water-feeding means disposed at the outer end of the mixing chamber for applying water to the admixed mass.

14. A machine of the character described, comprising a cylinder, a mixing chamber communicating with the outer end of the cylinder, means within the cylinder adapted to deposit quantities of material to be mixed, a plate fitted within the cylinder at its adjoining end With the mixing chamber and having a number of openings therein, doors arranged against the plate adapted to close the openings and control the passage of the material into the mixing chamber, and means projecting into the mixing chamber for depositing water upon the material being mixed.

15. In a machine of the character described, an inclined cylinder, a mixing chamber communicating with the cylinder at its upper end, stone-feeding means projecting into the lower end of the cylinder, a screw-propeller extending throughout the lengths of the cylinder and mixing chamber for conveying the stone up therethrough, means for depositing water within the lower end of the cylinder whereby a pool is formed for the reception of the stone, said feeding means adapted to convey the stone from the pool into the upper end of the cylinder whereby the stone is raised out of the Water, feeding means for an adhesive material projecting into the upper end of the cylinder for depositing the adhesive material upon the dry stone, controlling means between the cylinder and the mixing cham- -ber for regulating the passage of the stone and the material into the mixing chamber to evenly distribute the material, and waterfeeding means projecting into the outer end of the mixing chamber to'apply water to the material being mixed.

WILLIAM HENRY BAXTER.

Witnesses:

W. FAIRBURN-HART, ALICE TURNER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, D. 0. v 

